探索全球前沿学术脉络

01.

arXiv (CS.CL) 2026-06-19 DOI: arXiv:2606.19558

Displacement Is Not Direction: Evaluating Fidelity Metrics for Quantized LLM Deployment

作者:

Milo\v{s} Nikoli\'c↗Ali Hadi Zadeh↗Enrique Torres Sanchez↗Andreas Moshovos↗

Fidelity metrics, such as per-token KL divergence (KLD) against a high-precision reference, are often used in practice as low-cost proxies for benchmark quality. We test this practice on a 28-quant cohort of Qwen3.6-35B-A3B and a 41-quant cohort of Devstral-Small-2-24B, evaluated across a suite of downstream benchmarks. We find that KLD is strongly correlated with benchmark score over the full cohort ($\rho=-0.72$ on Qwen and $\rho=-0.86$ on Devstral, both with $p

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02.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2606.14657

HPSv3++: Scaling Reward Models Across the Full Spectrum of Diffusion Model Capabilities

作者:

Yijun Liu↗Jie Huang↗Zeyue Xue↗Yuming Li↗Ruizhe He↗Haoran Li↗Shijia Ge↗Siming Fu↗

Reward models guide text-to-image (T2I) systems toward outputs aligned with human preferences. However, typical reward models such as HPSv3 are trained on pre-annotated data from earlier T2I models, without accounting for quality discriminative shifts arising from evolving model capabilities and reinforcement learning (RL) iterations, limiting their broader applicability. In this work, we propose HPSv3++, a reward model framework that elevates the HPSv3 model for varying T2I model capabilities and their RL iteration changes across the full capability-iteration spectrum. Specifically, we first introduce HPDv3++, a 212K dual-dimension preference dataset annotated for text fidelity and aesthetic quality using a recent high-capability (Qwen-Image) model with human supervision. We then propose a two-stage training framework. Stage 1 employs data-aware orthogonal gradient projection to incorporate diverse aesthetic perception from HPDv3++ while preserving the original effective human preference knowledge in HPSv3. Stage 2 further leverages unlabeled data from T2I models spanning different capability levels and RL iterations, and introduces a joint capability-iterations conditioned signal for the reward model together with a standard deviation-driven unsupervised guidance mechanism, strengthening reward model across the capability-iteration spectrum. HPSv3++ achieves state-of-the-art preference prediction, outperforming HPSv3 9.8% on HPDv3, 5.5% on GenAI-Bench, while achieving 79.1%/88.1% on our proposed HPDv3++. When used for T2I RL training, it consistently improves GenEval scores across diverse T2I models, demonstrating its wide-range capabilities. The code is available at https://github.com/PlantPotatoOnMoon/HPSv3-PlusPlus.

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03.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2606.13704

Position: AI Must Become Planet-Centered, Not Just Human-Centered

作者:

Maria Perez-Ortiz↗

arXiv:2606.13704v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This position paper argues that contemporary AI paradigms are insufficient for supporting complex global goals and introduces Planet-Centered AI (PCAI) as a design philosophy and research agenda that reorients AI toward planetary-scale socio-ecological systems and their long-term trajectories. A planet-centered approach is grounded in systems thinking, treating Earth as an interconnected whole of which humans are part. We diagnose recurring limitations across AI frameworks, many of which remain human-centered, and show why these become especially consequential under current planetary conditions characterized by systemic risk, non-stationarity, and deep uncertainty. We then articulate how PCAI reshapes the AI lifecycle, from problem formulation and model design to evaluation and deployment, by emphasizing alignment with global agendas, developing system-aware AI foundations, trajectory-oriented evaluation, and monitorability. Finally, we advance a falsifiable claim: AI systems optimized without explicit consideration of systemic consequences are more likely to exacerbate systemic instability than to mitigate it.

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04.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.16985

Dynestyx: A Probabilistic Programming Library for Dynamical Systems

作者:

Daniel Waxman↗Dmitry Batenkov↗John Feser↗Andy Zane↗Eli Bingham↗Youssef Marzouk↗Matthew E. Levine↗

arXiv:2606.16985v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: State-space models (SSMs) are the standard formalism for Bayesian treatment of dynamical systems, with natural applications in statistics, signal processing, and machine learning. Despite their importance in both theory and application, dynamical systems have proven difficult to incorporate in modern probabilistic programming languages (PPLs), making state-of-the-art methods less accessible to practitioners and introducing friction in following the "Bayesian workflow." We introduce dynestyx, a probabilistic programming library with first-class support for SSMs, including state-of-the-art methods in the estimation of both states and parameters. Through a single, unified interface, users may specify arbitrary priors for discrete-time or continuous-time dynamical systems, perform inference over mixed-effect data, and make state and parameter estimates with principled uncertainty quantification.

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05.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2604.01463

Low-Burden LLM-Based Preference Learning: Personalizing Assistive Robots from Natural Language Feedback for Users with Paralysis

作者:

Keshav Shankar↗Dan Ding↗Wei Gao↗

arXiv:2604.01463v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Physically Assistive Robots require personalized behaviors to ensure user safety and comfort. However, traditional preference learning methods, like exhaustive pairwise comparisons, cause substantial physical and cognitive fatigue for users with severe motor impairments. To solve this, we propose a low-burden, offline framework that translates unstructured natural language feedback directly into deterministic robotic control policies. To safely bridge the gap between ambiguous human speech and robotic code, our pipeline uses Large Language Models (LLMs) grounded in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework. This clinical reasoning decodes subjective user reactions into explicit physical and psychological needs, which are then mapped into transparent decision trees. Before deployment, an automated "LLM-as-a-Judge" verifies the code's structural safety. We validated this system in a simulated meal preparation study with 10 adults with paralysis. Results show our natural language approach significantly reduces user workload compared to traditional baselines. Additionally, occupational therapists confirmed the generated policies are safe and accurately reflect user preferences.

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06.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.16352

Communication-Efficient Verifiable Attention for LLM Inference

作者:

Ziqun Chen↗Ming Wu↗Michael Heinrich↗Jason Zeng↗Huiying Lan↗Tianwei Zhang↗Rui Tan↗

arXiv:2606.16352v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Computation integrity of remote large language model (LLM) serving can be questionable. For conventional deep neural networks (DNNs), the existing TEE-shielded DNN partitioning (TSDP) approach uses Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to compute non-linear components and verify the integrity of linear components offloaded to an untrusted GPU. However, directly applying TSDP to Transformer-based LLMs incurs significant TEE computation and TEE-GPU communication overhead. This paper presents Communication-efficient TEE-GPU Attention (\textsc{VeriAttn}) for accelerating verifiable LLM inference. \textsc{VeriAttn} offloads both linear and non-linear computations of attention to the GPU, while TEE performs verification. Moreover, for prefill, \textsc{VeriAttn} uses a two-level pipeline to overlap data movement, TEE pre-/post-processing, and GPU computation. For decoding, when the key-value cache exceeds available GPU memory, \textsc{VeriAttn} partitions attention across TEE and GPU to reduce repeated key-value transfers. Evaluation on an Intel TDX platform shows that \textsc{VeriAttn} achieves 2.60-3.38$\times$ and 3.86-5.42$\times$ acceleration over TSDP for 6k-token prompts and 10k-token outputs during prefill and decoding, respectively.

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07.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-12 DOI: arXiv:2606.13499

Observation of Non-Gaussian Magnon Dynamics in a Two-Dimensional Long-Range XY Model

作者:

S. -A. Guo↗J. -Y. Tan↗J. Ye↗Y. Jiang↗L. Zhang↗Y. -X. Chen↗H. -J. Chen↗H. -Y. Hu↗W. -X. Guo↗B. -X. Qi↗L. He↗Z. -C. Zhou↗…

arXiv:2606.13499v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Non-Gaussian evolution of high-order spin correlations characterizes important properties of quantum many-body systems. In practice, decoherence, statistical fluctuation and miscalibration of experimental parameters all hinder the witness of non-Gaussian dynamics. Here we demonstrate the crossover between Gaussian and non-Gaussian dynamics on a two-dimensional XY model with long-range and spatially structured interaction using a trapped ion quantum simulator. We prepare different initial densities of magnon excitations and verify the dynamics of single-spin observables for the engineered Hamiltonian. Then we compare the high-order spin correlations with the mean-field solution and the Holstein-Primakoff approximation, and demonstrate the non-Gaussian behavior in a way independent of the calibration errors. Our work provides a verifiable path from classically simulatable dynamics to regimes where quantum advantage may emerge.

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08.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-12 DOI: arXiv:2603.00610

CMI-RewardBench: Evaluating Music Reward Models with Compositional Multimodal Instruction

作者:

Yinghao Ma↗Haiwen Xia↗Hewei Gao↗Weixiong Chen↗Yuxin Ye↗Yuchen Yang↗Sungkyun Chang↗Mingshuo Ding↗Yizhi Li↗Ruibin Yuan↗Simon Dixon↗Emmanouil Benetos↗…

arXiv:2603.00610v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While music generation models have evolved to handle complex multimodal inputs mixing text, lyrics, and reference audio, evaluation mechanisms have lagged behind. In this paper, we bridge this critical gap by establishing a comprehensive ecosystem for music reward modeling under Compositional Multimodal Instruction (CMI), where the generated music may be conditioned on text descriptions, lyrics, and audio prompts. We first introduce CMI-Pref-Pseudo, a large-scale preference dataset comprising 110k pseudo-labeled samples, and CMI-Pref, a high-quality, human-annotated corpus tailored for fine-grained alignment tasks. To unify the evaluation landscape, we propose CMI-RewardBench, a unified benchmark that evaluates music reward models on heterogeneous samples across musicality, text-music alignment, and compositional instruction alignment. Leveraging these resources, we develop CMI reward models (CMI-RMs), a parameter-efficient reward model family capable of processing heterogeneous inputs. We evaluate their correlation with human judgment scores on musicality and alignment on CMI-Pref along with previous datasets. Further experiments demonstrate that CMI-RM not only correlates strongly with human judgments, but also enables effective inference-time scaling via top-k filtering. Code is available at GitHub (https://github.com/Haiwen-Xia/CMI-RewardBench). Model weights: CMI-RM (https://huggingface.co/HaiwenXia/CMI-RM). Datasets: CMI-Pref-Pseudo (https://huggingface.co/datasets/HaiwenXia/cmi-pref-pseudo) and CMI-Pref (https://huggingface.co/datasets/HaiwenXia/cmi-pref)

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09.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-12 DOI: arXiv:2410.09226

Resourcefulness of non-classical continuous-variable quantum gates

作者:

Massimo Frigerio↗Antoine Debray↗Nicolas Treps↗Mattia Walschaers↗

arXiv:2410.09226v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In continuous-variable quantum computation, identifying key elements that enable a quantum computational advantage is a long-standing issue. Starting from the standard results on the necessity of Wigner negativity, we develop a comprehensive and versatile approach in which the techniques of $(s)$-ordered quasiprobabilities are exploited to provide rigorous statements on the simulability of photonic quantum circuits consisting of previously characterized gates and thereby identifying the contribution of each quantum gate to the potential achievement of quantum computational advantage. This is achieved by means of an analysis of the so-called transfer function, allowing us to highlight the resourcefulness of a gate set. As such this technique can be straightforwardly applied to current continuous-variables quantum circuits, while also constraining the tolerable amount of losses above which any potential quantum advantage can be ruled out. We use $(s)$-ordered quasiprobability distributions on phase-space to capture the non-classical features in the protocol, and focus our technique entirely on the ordering parameter $s$. This allows us to highlight the resourcefulness and robustness to loss of a universal set of unitary gates comprising three distinct Gaussian gates and any non-Gaussian unitary gate, providing important insight on the role of non-Gaussianity.

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10.

PLOS Computational Biology 2026-06-09 DOI: HASH:caefce3b79aa0037ee2a254ab4fa84db

Retraction: Identification of Potent EGFR Inhibitors from TCM Database@Taiwan

作者:

The PLOS Computational Biology Editors↗

by The PLOS Computational Biology Editors

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11.

arXiv (math.PR) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.12381

Markov property and path regularity for the solutions to SPDEs driven by cylindrical-martingale valued measures

作者:

Santiago Cambronero↗David Campos↗C. A. Fonseca-Mora↗Dar\'io Mena↗

arXiv:2606.12381v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this paper we prove the Markov property for the solution to stochastic partial differential equations driven by a cylindrical orthogonal martingale-valued measure. We assume our coefficients are time-dependent and satisfy some growth and Lipschitz conditions. We also prove that for time-independent coefficients and under mild assumptions on the cylindrical orthogonal martingale-valued measure, the solutions to our stochastic partial differential equations are Feller. Finally, in the case that the $C_{0}$-semigroup is quasi-contraction, we show that the solution to our stochastic partial differential equation possesses a càdlàg version.

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12.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.15822

TrustedARI: Towards Trust-Native Agentic Routing Infrastructure for Agentic AI

作者:

Qi Li↗Zhenhua Zou↗Shuo Li↗Mingwei Xu↗Zhuotao Liu↗

arXiv:2606.15822v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents increasingly access external models, tools, and services through Agentic Routing Infrastructure (ARI) to manage the overhead of heterogeneous interfaces and fragmented subscriptions. Yet, the architecture of ARI introduces fundamental trust risks: it obtains plaintext access to agent queries and service responses, while leaving agents unable to verify that their queries are routed to intended service providers or that requests and responses remain untampered. To address this problem, we present TrustedARI, the first trust-native agentic routing infrastructure for agentic AI. Architecturally, TrustedARI is built upon three core innovations: (i) an ARI-adapted three-party TLS handshake that enables the agent and ARI to jointly authenticate the service provider through role-specific distribution of TLS key materials; (ii) a privacy-preserving query-construction protocol that allows the agent and ARI to collaboratively construct well-formed queries without exposing their respective private inputs; and (iii) a verifiable billing protocol that supports fair usage-based settlement while preserving the integrity and confidentiality of service responses. We implemented and extensively evaluated a prototype of TrustedARI to validate its performance. Experiments confirm that TrustedARI is highly efficient: our ARI-adapted handshake protocol reduces communication overhead by 39.34% compared to the existing three-party TLS handshake. Furthermore, the privacy-preserving query-construction protocol imposes negligible overhead-averaging 0.19 seconds in computation time and 0.58 MB in communication costs-while the verifiable billing protocol speeds up proof generation by 28.20x. Crucially, TrustedARI is readily deployable without any modification to the service providers.

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13.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.16292

AI Supply Chain Galaxy: 3D Visual Analytics for License Compliance

作者:

Weiru Han↗Xuetao Shi↗Wenyi He↗Wei Wang↗Rui Zhao↗Moming Duan↗

arXiv:2606.16292v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid proliferation of machine learning model reuse has transformed the AI ecosystem into a highly interconnected supply chain. Traditional compliance tools and static reports struggle to navigate these massive, multi-hop dependency networks. To address this, we present AI Supply Chain Galaxy (AISCG), an interactive 3D visual analytics system for model provenance and compliance auditing. AISCG maps models into a 3D spatial layout, integrating explicit structural dependencies with a rule-based compliance engine. It supports multi-scale exploration, from global community detection to localized, path-aware lineage tracing. We demonstrate its efficacy through an ecosystem-scale empirical analysis of 908,449 models from Hugging Face. Our findings reveal a concerning landscape: 55.46% of models exhibit compliance risks or metadata conflicts/omissions. We also identified distinct risk patterns, including a 56.67% license omission rate in adapter derivations and an 8.05% "license drift" rate in fine-tuning. Through a case study on the complex Llama model family, we show how AISCG empowers analysts to intuitively trace inherited restrictive terms and identify root causes across deep topological networks, significantly reducing the cognitive load of compliance auditing.

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14.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.11773

Last-Iterate Convergence of Optimistic Multiplicative Weight Update

作者:

Francesco Orabona↗

arXiv:2606.11773v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent (OGDA) and Optimistic Multiplicative-Weights Update (OMWU) are two very popular algorithms to solve convex/concave saddle-point problems, where OMWU is the non-Euclidean, entropic version of OGDA. It is known since the '80s that the last iterate of OGDA asymptotically converges to a saddle point in smooth problems. On the other hand, it is unknown if OMWU has the same property. In this paper, I show that OMWU converges asymptotically for smooth convex-concave saddle-point problems, with a small enough constant learning rate. The result does not require uniqueness, strict complementarity, an error bound, or initialization near a solution. The main new ingredient is a boundary argument showing that every cluster point satisfies the inactive-coordinate KKT inequalities. The boundary argument was discovered with assistance from ChatGPT and is documented in the appendix.

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15.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.11769

When Do Data-Driven Systems Exhibit the Capability to Infer?

作者:

Maximilian Poretschkin↗Tabea Naeven↗

arXiv:2606.11769v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The European AI Act is the first comprehensive regulation of artificial intelligence (AI), setting out extensive obligations, particularly for so-called high-risk and general-purpose AI systems. A key distinguishing feature of AI systems under the AI Act is the capability to infer. Since the AI Act does not clearly define what inference is, there is a gray area for certain data-driven systems. A specific example is credit scoring systems, which are listed by Annex III of the AI Act. At the same time, however, these are often implemented using statistical models for which it is unclear whether they have the capability to infer and thus fall under the AI definition of the AI Act at all. Motivated by statistical learning theory, this work develops a framework for grading different levels of the capability to infer. Based on the AI Act and the Commission Guidelines on the definition of an artificial intelligence system, we analyze which levels constitute sufficient capability to infer within the meaning of the AI Act and where further regulatory clarity is needed. We illustrate the framework by creating two realistic credit scoring workflows and show whether and where inference occurs in them. Our analysis illustrates that not only individual models but the entire data processing workflow must be considered. It also shows that the involvement of human experts during development can have significant influence on the capability to infer. Code can be found at https://github.com/fraunhofer-iais/inference-framework-creditscorecards.

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16.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.11616

DeMix: Debugging Training Data with Mixed Data Error Types by Investigating Influence Vectors

作者:

Jiale Deng↗Yanyan Shen↗Xiaogang Shi↗Chai Junjun↗

arXiv:2606.11616v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-quality training data is essential for the success of machine learning models. However, real-world datasets often contain mixed types of errors arising from systematic flaws in data preparation pipelines, including label errors, feature errors, and spurious correlations. Effective debugging of training data requires both detecting erroneous samples and identifying their specific error types to enable targeted repair, yet existing data cleaning and attribution methods fail to adequately address this dual requirement. In this paper, we propose DeMix, a novel framework that simultaneously diagnoses erroneous samples and their error types. Our key insight is that different error types produce distinct patterns on model behavior. DeMix captures such error-specific patterns by influence vectors that characterize how each training sample affects model predictions across all validation samples. We formulate training data debugging as a multi-label classification problem where a classifier is developed to predict error types directly from influence vectors. We further introduce an intervention-based learning strategy that guides the classifier to capture invariant rationales specific to each error type, ensuring the learned classifier generalizes effectively. Empirical evaluations on 11 tasks across tabular data prediction, recommendation systems, and LLM alignment demonstrate that DeMix significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, achieving a 22.61% improvement in data debugging F1-score and a 9.32% gain in task model performance after data repair. Code is available at: https://github.com/SJTU-DMTai/DeMix.

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17.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2604.09679

HCP-MAD:Heterogeneous Consensus-Progressive Reasoning for Efficient Multi-Agent Debate

作者:

Yiqing Liu↗Hantao Yao↗Wu Liu↗Allen He↗Yongdong Zhang↗

arXiv:2604.09679v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) is a collaborative framework in which multiple agents iteratively refine solutions through the generation of reasoning and alternating critique cycles. Current work primarily optimizes intra-round topologies and inter-round interactions separately, limiting the adaptation of token costs to task complexity. This work introduces Heterogeneous Consensus-Progressive Reasoning for Efficient Multi-Agent Debate (HCP-MAD), leveraging consensus as a dynamic signal to facilitate progressive reasoning. The core motivation is that a majority of straightforward tasks can be effectively resolved via lightweight pair-agent debates, while complex tasks require expanded collaboration. Firstly, Heterogeneous Consensus Verification conducts rapid consensus verification using a pair of heterogeneous agents for early stopping. Next, Heterogeneous Pair-Agent Debate applies an adaptive stopping criterion to terminate mutual critique of reasoning traces. Finally, the unresolved tasks are addressed through Escalated Collective Voting by aggregating diverse perspectives from additional agents. Experiments across six benchmarks show that HCP-MAD enhances accuracy while substantially reducing token costs. Code is https://github.com/fuyu66/HCP-MAD.

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18.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-18 DOI: arXiv:2606.18464

Modeling Doppler Shifts in Radial-Velocity Data with Deep Learning toward Earth-mass Exoplanet Detection

作者:

Isidro G\'omez-Vargas↗Xavier Dumusque↗Yinan Zhao↗Khaled Al Moulla↗Michael Cretignier↗

arXiv:2606.18464v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Detecting the tiny Doppler shifts induced by Earth-mass planets in stellar radial-velocity measurements remains extremely challenging due to stellar activity. Many deep-learning methods performing well on simulated data remain difficult to apply reliably on real stellar spectra. The aim of this work is to develop a deep-learning framework that generalizes to real, unseen spectra and improves the detectability of Earth-mass planets in radial-velocity data. We train artificial neural networks on HARPS-N solar spectra with injected planetary signals, using physics-motivated spectral representations based on flux and line-formation temperature, together with their velocity gradients. Two training strategies are explored: hold-out testing and cross-validation. Model robustness is enhanced through genetic-algorithm-based hyperparameter optimization, and predictive uncertainty is quantified using Monte Carlo dropout. Our most precise neural network model reliably retrieves, under the cross-validation strategy, the amplitudes, phases, and orbital periods of planetary signals with amplitudes greater than or equal to 25 cm/s and periods between 10 and 550 days. In addition, in all cases tested here, the successfully recovered signals correspond to the most significant peaks in the periodograms of the Doppler-shift predictions. Temperature-based spectral-shell representations consistently outperform flux-based shells. We also release doppleriann, a Python package implementing the proposed framework. Our results demonstrate that combining physically motivated spectral representations with deep learning provides a promising pathway toward the detection of Earth-mass planets in radial-velocity data from real observations, supported by a modeling framework that is both physically grounded and statistically rigorous, incorporating uncertainty quantification and optimized training strategies.

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19.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-18 DOI: arXiv:2606.19249

Transformer Geometry Observatory TGO-I: Spectral Geometry Observatory

作者:

Kaustubh Kapil↗Kishor P. Upla↗

Despite the widespread adoption of Vision Transformers (ViTs) and their success across numerous computer vision applications, the fundamental understanding of their dimensional and representational geometry remains relatively underexplored. To address this gap, we introduce Transformer Geometry Observatory (TGO), a systematic framework of experiments and analysis pipelines designed to investigate the representational geometry and dynamics of Vision Transformers. TGO-I, the first installment of the framework, focuses on the spectral geometry of ViT representations. Using a ViT-Small/16 model trained on ImageNet-100, we analyze Effective Rank, Stable Rank, Participation Ratio, Spectral Entropy, Spectral Flatness, Spectral Anisotropy, covariance structure, eigenspectra, and singular value spectra throughout training. Our results reveal a consistent increase in dimensional utilization, accompanied by decreasing anisotropy, increasing spectral entropy, increasing participation ratio, and progressively flatter eigenspectra. Contrary to the common intuition that training should concentrate information into a small number of dominant directions, we observe a progressive redistribution of variance across representational dimensions. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in the final CLS token representation, which exhibits the highest effective dimensionality and lowest anisotropy within the network.

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20.

arXiv (CS.CL) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.11654

The Long Tail, Not the Front Page: Cold-Start Prediction of Crowd Highlight Salience

作者:

Kazuki Nakayashiki↗Keisuke Watanabe↗

A social highlighter's most useful signal – which passages a crowd of readers marks – exists only for documents people have already read. Can the aggregate crowd salience of a document be predicted from its text before its marks accumulate? Prior work on this data found that zero-shot language models recover highlight locations worse than a trivial lead (position) baseline, so we ask whether a model trained on the highlight corpus can beat that baseline. Using a pre-registered ladder of models and a by-document cluster bootstrap, we find a small but robust edge: a logistic ranker over sentence embeddings and positional/contextual features beats the lead baseline by +0.044 average precision (95% CI [+0.029, +0.058]; clears a pre-registered margin delta=0.03 in 97% of resamples, and stable across pipeline re-runs). Two unsupervised extractive baselines (centroid, LexRank-style centrality) lose to lead, and the trained model beats them by +0.108, so the edge is not recovered by generic unsupervised proxies – it reflects learning from real reader marks. In product terms, precision@3 rises from 0.25 to 0.39 (+55% relative) and the model beats lead on 69% of documents. An ablation attributes the edge to the raw embedding (+0.014) and training augmentation (+0.010), each with a positive CI. The edge is not a temporal-generalization failure, and we find no evidence that content drift or near-duplicate leakage explains it. A standardized regression shows the advantage is governed mainly by document popularity (lower popularity, larger edge) and by label reliability. It nearly vanishes only on the most popular content; there it is the lead baseline that strengthens, not the model that weakens. Because our evaluation conditions on documents that eventually accumulated readers, these results are a retrospective cold-start simulation.

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21.

bioRxiv (Bioinfo) 2026-06-14 DOI: HASH:2e06ec9e404c3e75879b3fdbfd20c69a

Robust integration of weakly anchored spatial multi-omics

作者:

Wang↗Liu↗Sun↗Li↗Chen↗Zou↗Daoliang↗Hu↗Du↗Qian↗Feng↗Yuan↗…

Spatial multi-omics holds great promise for dissecting complex biological processes, though inherent technical constraints continue to limit its widespread adoption. Currently, most studies therefore measure distinct omics features on separate tissue sections, necessitating spatial diagonal integration. An emerging practical solution is to leverage hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images as an integration anchor, given their ubiquity, low cost, and compatibility across tissue preparations. However, this anchor is frequently compromised in real-world settings by variations in H&E staining style, absence of reliable histological landmarks, and mismatches in spatial resolutions across omics modalities. To address this, we introduce SpaWeaver, a computational framework that couples a pathology foundation model with a graph Transformer and a latent feature aligner module, providing a highly robust solution for weakly anchored spatial omics data diagonal integration. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SpaWeaver exhibits superior robustness against isolated or synergistic weak-anchoring factors. The spatial multi-omics profiles generated by SpaWeaver link molecular features originally separated on two sections, unlocking diverse downstream analyses once exclusive to co-assayed spatial multi-omics data, including niche-aware cell-cell communication inference and multi-omics resolved cell state. In this study, it unveils tumor-distance-dependent fibroblast-CD4+ T-cell signaling in human colon adenocarcinoma and identifies a hypoxic glycolytic tumor state with pyknotic nuclei in human ovarian cancer. Overall, our approach bridges readily accessible single-omics measurements across weakly anchored tissue sections, enabling unified spatial multi-omics characterization and system-level tissue analysis.

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22.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-17 DOI: arXiv:2606.17317

Transformer-Based Warm-Starting for Feasible and Optimal Terminal Approach to Tumbling Objects with Space Manipulators

作者:

Yuji Takubo↗Maximilian Adang↗Mac Schwager↗Simone D'Amico↗

arXiv:2606.17317v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Real-time trajectory generation for on-orbit robotic servicing is challenging due to the nonlinear coupling between spacecraft bus motion, manipulator dynamics, visibility cone, and trajectory-level safety constraints. This paper studies learning-based warm-starting for sequential convex programming (SCP) in the terminal approach of a space manipulator toward a tumbling target. The proposed framework decomposes the problem into a system center-of-mass translational planning stage and a coupled attitude–manipulator torque-allocation stage, and applies a causal transformer warm-start to the latter, which constitutes the dominant computational bottleneck. Linear and flow matching action decoders are compared under different action-chunking and training dataset sizes, and the resulting warm-starts are evaluated under both cost-optimal and feasibility projection using SCP. Across 300 held-out scenarios, the learned warm-start reduces the second-stage SCP iteration count by up to 28% and the runtime by 23% while preserving the final control-cost distribution. When the learned warm-starts are used for nonconvex feasibility projection, they nearly halve the runtime relative to cost-optimal SCP, while avoiding the catastrophic high-cost tail behavior observed when initialized heuristically. These results indicate that sequence-model warm-starts can improve both the computational efficiency and trajectory robustness of optimization-based terminal guidance for space manipulation.

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23.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2511.01518

Quantum Energy Teleportation under Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Environments

作者:

Xiaokun Yan↗Kun Zhang↗Jin Wang↗

arXiv:2511.01518v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Quantum energy teleportation (QET), implemented via local operations and classical communication, enables carrier-free energy transfer by exploiting quantum resources. While QET has been extensively studied theoretically and validated experimentally in various quantum platforms, enhancing energy output for mixed initial states, as the system inevitably interacts with environments, remains a significant challenge. In this work, we study QET performance in a two-qubit system coupled to equilibrium or nonequilibrium reservoirs. We derive an analytical expression for the energy output in terms of the system Hamiltonian eigenstates, enabling analysis of energy output for mixed states. Using the Redfield master equation, we systematically examine the effects of qubit detuning, nonequilibrium temperature difference, and nonequilibrium chemical potential difference on the energy output. We find that the energy output for mixed states often follows that of the eigenstate with the highest population, and that nonequilibrium environments can enhance the energy output in certain parameter regimes.

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24.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-18 DOI: arXiv:2606.18413

Searching for Synergy in Shared Workspace Human-AI Collaboration

作者:

Nachiket Kotalwar↗Rohini Das↗Carolyn Rose↗

arXiv:2606.18413v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated AI agents are increasingly capable, yet many scientific and professional tasks require human judgment and contextual expertise. We study shared-workspace human-AI teams, where AI agents and human collaborators must coordinate responsibilities before submitting a final answer. Using the Collaborative Gym environment with DiscoveryBench tasks, we examine when adding simulated human collaborators improves performance and when process loss turns additional collaborators into coordination overhead. Across 1,482 sessions, adding relevant collaborators can lower performance when teams lack structure to coordinate their contributions. We then evaluate scaffolding that combines shared group memory with simulated human-in-the-loop (HITL) gates, where selected actions require approval from a designated simulated participant. This scaffolding yields higher mean performance, most clearly in three-person teams, with clearer responsibility signals and stronger routing of expertise to team actions. Overall, how human-AI teams coordinate and integrate expertise matters as much as the capability available to them.

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25.

arXiv (CS.CL) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.16591

SING: Synthetic Intention Graph for Scalable Active Tool Discovery in LLM Agents

作者:

Qiao Xiao↗Haochen Shi↗Yisen Gao↗Wenbin Hu↗Huihao Jing↗Tianshi Zheng↗Baixuan Xu↗Ziheng Zhang↗Weiqi Wang↗Haoran Li↗Jiaxin Bai↗Yangqiu Song↗…

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on agent harnesses that manage context, tools, and multi-turn execution, making tools a central interface for acting in realistic digital environments. As harness-connected tool ecosystems expand to hundreds or thousands of APIs, services, and task-specific skills, exhaustive tool schema injection becomes costly and imposes a closed-world assumption that limits agents to a predefined static inventory. Retrieval-augmented tool selection offers a natural alternative, but existing one-shot retrieval methods often fail to align isolated tool descriptions with the agent's true task intention, especially in long-horizon tasks where required capabilities emerge through decomposition, observations, and newly induced subgoals. We propose SING, an intention-aware active tool discovery framework that builds an intention-tool graph linking user intentions, tool capabilities, and tool collaboration patterns, and dynamically retrieves tools according to evolving task states. Using a unified corpus of 7,471 tools, we evaluate SING on three real-world tool-use benchmarks. SING improves Global Recall@5 by up to 59.8% and downstream success rate by up to 28.9% over baselines, while reducing full-corpus tool-schema exposure by 99.8%, demonstrating that intention-aware graph structure enables more accurate and context-efficient tool discovery in large-scale agentic ecosystems.

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