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01.

medRxiv (Medicine) 2026-06-15 DOI: HASH:564a1829cba45b6e6aa8aa30c071a112

Dysplasia-Stratified Management of Barrett's Esophagus: An Incidence-Based U.S. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

作者:

Background and Aims Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the principal precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), whose incidence has risen sharply in Western countries since the 1960s. Effective, dysplasia stratified surveillance strategies are needed to prevent progression. This study evaluated the cost effectiveness of dysplasia stratified surveillance intervals and endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) across the BE spectrum. Methods We developed an incidence-based Markov state transition model of BE progression calibrated to U.S. epidemiologic data from a healthcare sector perspective over a lifetime horizon. Four hypothetical cohorts of 50-year-old individuals with short segment BE (SSBE), nondysplastic BE (NDBE), low grade dysplasia (LGD), or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) were evaluated. Strategies included no surveillance; surveillance at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 10-year intervals; standard or AI assisted endoscopy; non endoscopic screening (sponge, breath, miRNA tests); and EET for LGD and HGD. Outcomes included costs, quality adjusted life years (QALYs), incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICERs), net monetary benefits (NMBs), EAC cases, and EAC-related deaths. Sensitivity analyses used a willingness to pay threshold of US$100,000 per QALY. Results No surveillance was the most cost-effective strategy for SSBE and NDBE. For LGD, upfront EET was more cost effective than all surveillance strategies, with results sensitive to EAC incidence and recurrence. For HGD, EET was cost saving and yielded the greatest QALYs, with findings robust in 99.9% of simulations. EET prevented 12,614 and 44,295 EAC related deaths per 100,000 individuals with LGD and HGD, respectively. Conclusion Dysplasia-stratified management is essential for optimizing surveillance and treatment strategies in BE. Any degree of dysplasia should receive EET followed by targeted post-treatment monitoring, establishing EET as the central therapeutic pathway for dysplastic BE.

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02.

arXiv (CS.CL) 2026-06-11 DOI: arXiv:2606.12273

Beyond Fully Random Masking: Attention-Guided Denoising and Optimization for Diffusion Language Models

作者:

Jia Deng ↗Junyi Li ↗Wayne Xin Zhao ↗Jinpeng Wang ↗Hongyu Lu ↗Ji-Rong Wen ↗

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer an efficient alternative to autoregressive models through parallel decoding, yet existing post-training methods largely rely on random masking strategies that overlook intrinsic token dependencies. In this work, we present an empirical analysis of attention in dLLMs and show that tokens attending more strongly to unmasked context exhibit greater generation stability and play a critical role in reasoning. Motivated by these findings, we propose AGDO, an attention-guided denoising and optimization framework that aligns both training and optimization with attention-derived dependencies. AGDO determines the denoising order based on attention structure and emphasizes attention-critical tokens during supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. Experiments on mathematical and coding benchmarks demonstrate that AGDO consistently improves reasoning performance, outperforming state-of-the-art post-training methods for dLLMs.

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03.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-17 DOI: arXiv:2603.04438

CogGen: Cognitive-Load-Inspired Fully Unsupervised Deep Generative Modeling for Compressively Sampled MRI Reconstruction

作者:

Qingyong Zhu ↗Yumin Tan ↗Xiang Gu ↗Dong Liang ↗

arXiv:2603.04438v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Fully unsupervised deep generative modeling (FU-DGM) offers significant potential for compressively sampled magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) reconstruction. Representative FU-DGM formulations, such as deep image prior (DIP) and implicit neural representation (INR), employ architectural bias to induce a low-dimensional manifold in the image space that aligns with the forward observation. However, as the underlying inverse system is highly ill-posed, prolonged iterative fitting in FU-DGM typically leads to poor efficiency and noise amplification. In this paper, guided by the cognitive principle of easy-to-hard learning, we propose CogGen, an FU-DGM framework that reformulates CS-MRI reconstruction as a staged inversion problem. Specifically, CogGen implements an self-paced curriculum learning (SPCL)-driven progressive scheduling strategy through an MRI-aware dual-threshold weighting criterion, which adaptively regulates k-space measurement participation. The data-consistency residual thresholding evaluates the fitting reliability of the current generator, while the k-space radius thresholding controls stage-wise measurement exposure, thereby avoiding uniform fitting throughout optimization. Theoretically, our analysis shows that, when early stages favor easy-to-fit measurements, CogGen yields a reduced local sufficient-iteration bound and a smaller cumulative noise-amplification bound, explaining the improved convergence behavior and reconstruction fidelity of CogGen within a finite iteration budget. Numerical experiments demonstrate that both CogGen instantiations, CogGen-DIP and CogGen-INR, achieve superior performance over prevailing CS-MRI reconstruction techniques, including unsupervised and supervised pipelines.

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04.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2511.17228

Intrinsic preservation of plasticity in continual quantum learning

作者:

Yu-Qin Chen ↗Shi-Xin Zhang ↗

arXiv:2511.17228v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Artificial intelligence in dynamic, real-world environments requires the capacity for continual learning. However, standard deep learning suffers from a fundamental issue: loss of plasticity, in which networks gradually lose their ability to learn from new data. Here we show that quantum learning models naturally overcome this limitation, preserving plasticity over long timescales. We demonstrate this advantage systematically across a broad spectrum of tasks from multiple learning paradigms, including supervised learning and reinforcement learning, and diverse data modalities, from classical high-dimensional images to quantum-native datasets. Although classical models exhibit performance degradation correlated with unbounded weight and gradient growth, quantum neural networks maintain consistent learning capabilities regardless of the data or task. We identify the origin of the advantage as the intrinsic physical constraints of quantum models. Unlike classical networks where unbounded weight growth leads to landscape ruggedness or saturation, the unitary constraints confine the optimization to a compact manifold. Our results suggest that the utility of quantum computing in machine learning extends beyond potential speedups, offering a robust pathway for building adaptive artificial intelligence and lifelong learners.

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05.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2605.31604

Representation Forcing for Bottleneck-Free Unified Multimodal Models

作者:

Yuqing Wang ↗Zhijie Lin ↗Ceyuan Yang ↗Yang Zhao ↗Fei Xiao ↗Hao He ↗Qi Zhao ↗Zihan Ding ↗Fuyun Wang ↗Shuai Wang ↗Youliang Zhang ↗Haoqi Fan ↗…

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) aim to handle perception and generation in a single model. Yet existing UMMs still rely on a frozen, separately pretrained VAE for image generation, imposing a structural bottleneck. Naively removing it introduces a quality gap, as the model must learn both high-level structure and low-level details from raw pixels. In this paper, we propose Representation Forcing (RF), a technique that closes this gap by making representation prediction a native capability of the model. Concretely, RF forces the decoder to autoregressively predict visual representations as intermediate tokens before pixels; these tokens then stay in context to guide pixel diffusion within the same backbone. By turning representations from perception outputs into generation targets, RF eliminates the need for any external generative latent space. We find that RF benefits both understanding and generation. On image generation, our pixel-space model with RF matches state-of-the-art VAE-based unified models. On image understanding, pixel-space RF generally outperforms its VAE-based variant. Together, these results offer an effective step toward end-to-end, bottleneck-free UMMs.

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06.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-24 DOI: arXiv:2606.24256

Trimming the Long-Tail of Visual World Modeling Evaluation

作者:

Bingxuan Li ↗Yining Hong ↗Cheng Qian ↗Hyeonjeong Ha ↗Jiateng Liu ↗Zhenhailong Wang ↗Yue Guo ↗Yunzhu Li ↗Heng Ji ↗

Physical interactions follow a long-tailed distribution: a set of common and regular interactions dominates human experience and visual data, while a broad spectrum of rare and irregular interactions remains underrepresented. Although recent visual world models, including image and video generation models, achieve impressive realism on existing benchmarks, they primarily focus on simulating common physical interactions. This raises a central question: Do current visual world models internalize and generalize physical principles? In this work, we introduce Tailor-Bench, a benchmark that challenges world models to simulate irregular physical interactions. To enable systematic evaluation, we design three scenario modes that progressively challenge model reasoning: Regular scenarios reflect common tool-task pairs, Unconventional scenarios replace conventional tools with attribute-compatible substitutes to test affordance generalization, and Impossible scenarios introduce attribute-violating tools to probe constraint awareness. Additionally, we design two complementary settings under a unified evaluation protocol: predictive generation requires inferring outcomes without guidance, while descriptive generation specifies the target outcome for faithful realization. Our experimental results reveal a clear long-tail gap in physical world modeling: performance degrades from Regular to Unconventional and Impossible scenarios, indicating limited generalization beyond common interactions. Failure analysis further shows that models rely on superficial visual patterns: image models fail to realize correct state changes, while video models further suffer from temporal inconsistencies.

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07.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-19 DOI: arXiv:2606.20162

Implicit Semantic-Aware Communication Based on Hypergraph Reasoning

作者:

Yiwei Liao ↗Shurui Tu ↗Yong Xiao ↗Yingyu Li ↗Guangming Shi ↗

arXiv:2606.20162v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Semantic-aware communication has emerged as a transformative paradigm for next-generation communication systems, shifting the fundamental goal from transmitting bit-level symbols to reliably recovering and understanding the semantic meaning of information. Previous studies have demonstrated that representing the semantic content of source messages as graph-based structures can significantly improve communication efficiency and the accuracy of semantic inference at the receiver. However, existing solutions typically employ graphs that capture only pairwise relationships, thereby neglecting higher-order implicit correlations commonly observed in real-world scenarios, such as group interactions, multi-entity associations, and complex relational contexts. This limitation reduces semantic expressiveness and makes semantic inference susceptible to ambiguity and performance degradation, particularly under noisy or corrupted channel conditions. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel hypergraph-based implicit semantic reasoning framework, HISR, which leverages hypergraphs to represent complex multi-entity relationships among semantic knowledge entities. In HISR, entities and their associated higher-order relations are mapped into dedicated semantic subspaces tailored to distinct relational contexts. This design not only disentangles diverse semantic interactions to mitigate the over-smoothing effects commonly found in traditional graph embedding methods but also enables robust semantic inference even when partial information loss occurs during transmission. Numerical results show that the proposed HISR achieves up to a 36.6% improvement in implicit semantic interpretation accuracy over the state-of-the-art benchmarks.

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08.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2604.13085

Adaptive Memory Crystallization for Autonomous AI Agent Learning in Dynamic Environments

作者:

Rajat Khanda ↗Mohammad Baqar ↗Sambuddha Chakrabarti ↗Satyasaran Changdar ↗

arXiv:2604.13085v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Autonomous AI agents operating in dynamic environments face a persistent challenge: acquiring new capabilities without erasing prior knowledge. We present Adaptive Memory Crystallization (AMC), a memory architecture for progressive experience consolidation in continual reinforcement learning. AMC is conceptually inspired by the qualitative structure of synaptic tagging and capture (STC) theory, the idea that memories transition through discrete stability phases, but makes no claim to model the underlying molecular or synaptic mechanisms. AMC models memory as a continuous crystallization process in which experiences migrate from plastic to stable states according to a multi-objective utility signal. The framework introduces a three-phase memory hierarchy (Liquid–Glass–Crystal) governed by an Itô stochastic differential equation (SDE) whose population-level behavior is captured by an explicit Fokker–Planck equation admitting a closed-form Beta stationary distribution. We provide proofs of: (i) well-posedness and global convergence of the crystallization SDE to a unique Beta stationary distribution; (ii) exponential convergence of individual crystallization states to their fixed points, with explicit rates and variance bounds; and (iii) end-to-end Q-learning error bounds and matching memory-capacity lower bounds that link SDE parameters directly to agent performance. Empirical evaluation on Meta-World MT50, Atari 20-game sequential learning, and MuJoCo continual locomotion consistently shows improvements in forward transfer (+34–43\% over the strongest baseline), reductions in catastrophic forgetting (67–80\%), and a 62\% decrease in memory footprint.

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09.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2606.14397

Running the Gauntlet: Re-evaluating the Capabilities of Agents Beyond Familiar Environments

作者:

arXiv:2606.14397v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As agentic systems continue to evolve and are widely deployed in real-world scenarios, there is a growing demand to faithfully evaluate their capabilities. However, current benchmarks are typically built on popular applications with relatively simple tasks and focus on a narrow set of capabilities while overlooking broader dimensions, resulting in saturated performance on modern agents and failing to probe their limitations. To this end, we introduce GauntletBench, a web-based benchmark for evaluating agent generalisation in challenging scenarios, focusing on three underexplored capabilities (temporal perception, graphical understanding, and 3D reasoning), across five less-covered professional applications (Video Editor, Workflow Builder, 3D Modeller, Flight Analyser, and Circuit Designer), each with 20 vision-intensive tasks (100 in total). Our benchmark provides a modular pipeline that comprises an environment compatible with both open- and closed-source agent frameworks, a controlled web-based application, a well-structured task suite, and an automated evaluation engine with diverse metrics. Contrary to widespread expectations, our empirical results reveal that frontier agentic systems remain far from achieving human-level performance. Even the state-of-the-art agent achieves only a 19.1% success rate on our GauntletBench, highlighting the limitations in these overlooked capabilities and generalisation. By comparison, non-expert human annotators achieve over 80% success on our challenging yet feasible tasks, revealing the substantial gap between current agent capabilities and those required for complex real-world scenarios.

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10.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.14725

Interpolation between Convolution and Attention via K-Nearest Neighbors

作者:

Mingi Kang ↗

The shift from Convolutional Neural Networks to Transformers has reshaped computer vision, yet these two architectural families are typically viewed as fundamentally distinct. Convolutional Neural Networks are defined by spatially local convolution operations, while Transformers rely on global self-attention. We argue that convolution and self-attention, despite their apparent differences, can be unified within a single k-nearest neighbor aggregation framework. The critical insight is that both operations are special cases of neighbor selection and weighted aggregation. Convolution selects neighbors by spatial proximity while self-attention selects by feature similarity, revealing that they lie on a continuous spectrum rather than representing categorically different computations. We introduce Convolutional Nearest Neighbors (ConvNN), a unified framework that formalizes this connection. ConvNN exactly recovers standard and depthwise convolution by restricting neighbor selection to normalized spatial coordinates, and exactly recovers self-attention and its sparse variants, including KVT-attention, by replacing spatial proximity with scaled dot-product similarity. Beyond these special cases, ConvNN serves as a drop-in replacement for both convolution and attention layers, enabling systematic exploration of the intermediate spectrum between local and global aggregation through configurable similarity functions, neighbor selection strategies, positional encodings, and aggregation kernels.

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11.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2505.23593

Federated Foundation Language Model Post-Training Should Focus on Open-Source Models

作者:

Nikita Agrawal ↗Ruben Mayer ↗

arXiv:2505.23593v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Post-training of foundation language models has emerged as a promising research domain in federated learning (FL) with the goal to enable privacy-preserving model improvements and adaptations to user's downstream tasks. Recent advances in this area adopt centralized post-training approaches that build upon black-box foundation language models where there is no access to model weights and architecture details. Although the use of black-box models has been successful in centralized post-training, their blind replication in FL raises several concerns. Our opinion is that using black-box models in FL contradicts the core principles of federation such as data privacy and autonomy. In this paper, we critically analyze the usage of black-box models in federated post-training, and provide a detailed account of various aspects of openness and their implications for FL.

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12.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-24 DOI: arXiv:2606.11129

WorldOlympiad: Can Your World Model Survive a Triathlon?

作者:

Yuke Zhao ↗Wangbo Zhao ↗Weijie Wang ↗Zeyu Zhang ↗Dakai An ↗Akide Liu ↗Yinghao Yu ↗Jiasheng Tang ↗Fan Wang ↗Wei Wang ↗Bohan Zhuang ↗

We introduce WorldOlympiad, a benchmark for diagnosing video-based world models across physical faithfulness, geometric consistency, and interaction fidelity. While existing benchmarks often focus on visual quality, semantic alignment, or short-term temporal coherence, they provide limited insight into whether generated videos obey physical rules, preserve coherent 3D structure, and sustain controllable interactions over long horizons. To address this gap, WorldOlympiad decomposes world-model evaluation into three complementary dimensions. The physical track uses object segmentation and MLLM-as-judge to assess whether generated videos follow interpretable rules in mechanics, thermal phenomena, and material properties. The geometry track reconstructs generated videos with Gaussian splatting and evaluates structural consistency, cross-view coherence, and camera-trajectory alignment. The interaction track assesses whether generated rollouts follow complex action prompts and maintain smooth, coherent transitions across consecutive video chunks. WorldOlympiad further covers three major downstream scenarios, including gaming, robotics, and general real-world videos, capturing diverse challenges from interactive control and embodied manipulation to open-domain motion and camera dynamics. Together, these tracks and scenarios form a scalable and interpretable evaluation suite that exposes failure modes beyond generic video quality. Experiments on state-of-the-art models reveal substantial gaps in physical reasoning, 3D consistency, and long-horizon interaction, underscoring the need for more structured evaluation protocols for generative world models.

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13.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-19 DOI: arXiv:2606.19462

Quantum deformations of $\mathcal{U}(\mathfrak{sl}(2, \mathbb{R}))$. Part I: Fidelity and experimental benchmarking

作者:

V. Mariscal ↗J. J. Relancio ↗L. Santamar\'ia-Sanz ↗

arXiv:2606.19462v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work explores the effects of both the standard quantum $q$-deformation and the non-standard $h$-deformation of the Hopf algebra $\mathcal{U}(\mathfrak{sl}(2, \mathbb{R}))$ on multi-qubit systems. By constructing the states of a Hilbert space of $N$ qubits through the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients associated with the deformed algebras, we show that these states naturally coincide with the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian of the $q$- and $h$-deformed Kittel-Shore models. We compare the resulting deformed states with those typically targeted in quantum information experiments, providing a bridge between algebraic constructions and experimentally relevant quantum resources. Fidelities with respect to the undeformed states are computed to establish how the quantum correlations are affected, both for few-qubit systems (including Dicke and non-Dicke states), and in the macroscopic limit ($N \to \infty$) through closed-form formulas derived for arbitrary Dicke states. The results reveal different behaviors between the two deformations. The $q$-deformation smoothly modifies the states and maintains a residual overlap with the original configurations, while the $h$-deformation rapidly makes the states orthogonal to their undeformed counterparts. Both models demand a standard $N^{-1}$ rescaling to preserve fidelity stability in the macroscopic limit.

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14.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-15 DOI: arXiv:2606.14437

Spin counting via projection noise measurement of mesoscopic solid-state spin ensemble

作者:

Lorenzo Bechelli ↗Konstantin Herb ↗Laura Alicia V\"olker ↗Christian L. Degen ↗

arXiv:2606.14437v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantum projection noise is the fundamental noise source for the population measurement of spin ensembles. While projection-noise-limited measurements have been extensively studied in atomic systems, corresponding experiments on solid-state spin ensembles remain challenging due to dominant classical readout noise. Here, we report direct measurement of the quantum projection noise of mesoscopic ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin defects at room temperature. Our experiment is enabled by a high optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast of over 20% for a single crystallographic orientation of the defect spins, obtained by combining polarization-selective optical excitation with spin-to-charge conversion. We use our protocol to demonstrate projection noise measurements and spin counting from nanoscale NV ensembles of up to 43 spins. We further demonstrate that the protocol allows for significant gains in sensitivity for magnetometry applications without need for cryogenic operation or high bias magnetic fields.

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15.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-12 DOI: arXiv:2511.04260

Proto-LeakNet: Towards Signal-Leak Aware Attribution in Synthetic Human Face Imagery

作者:

Claudio Giusti ↗Luca Guarnera ↗Sebastiano Battiato ↗

The growing sophistication of synthetic image and deepfake generation models has turned source attribution and authenticity verification into a critical challenge for modern computer vision systems. Recent studies suggest that diffusion pipelines unintentionally imprint persistent statistical traces, known as signal-leaks, within their outputs, particularly in latent representations. Building on this observation, we propose Proto-LeakNet, a signal-leak-aware and interpretable attribution framework that integrates Closed-set classification with a density-based Open-set evaluation on the learned embeddings, enabling analysis of unseen generators without retraining. Acting in the latent domain of diffusion models, our method re-simulates partial forward diffusion to expose residual generator-specific cues. A temporal attention encoder aggregates multi-step latent features, while a feature-weighted prototype head structures the embedding space and enables transparent attribution. Trained solely on closed data and achieving a Macro AUC of 98.13\%, Proto-LeakNet learns a latent geometry that remains robust under post-processing, surpassing state-of-the-art methods, and achieves strong separability both between real images and known generators, and between known and unseen ones. The codebase is available at the following link: https://github.com/claudiunderthehood/Proto-LeakNet .

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16.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-19 DOI: arXiv:2606.19624

MassSpecGym in the Wild: Uncovering and Correcting Evaluation Pitfalls in AI-Driven Molecule Discovery

作者:

arXiv:2606.19624v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable benchmarking is critical for developing machine learning models for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) based molecule discovery. Subtle issues in experimental design and model evaluation procedures can degrade the trustworthiness of such benchmarks and lead to erroneous conclusions. We conduct a thorough review of model evaluation issues in the recent MS/MS machine learning literature, using the standard MassSpecGym benchmark suite as a case study to illustrate the impact of these issues. We find evaluation issues in at least 17 of 26 papers reporting MassSpecGym benchmark results in the first year of its adoption. We isolate three classes of failures: (i) data leakage, (ii) shortcut learning, and (iii) implementation bugs and metric divergence. Through extensive experimentation and code replication, we quantify the impact of these issues and show how they corrupt the evaluation standards MassSpecGym was designed to enforce. We distill our findings into recommendations generalizable to MS/MS challenges, benchmarks, and custom evaluation setups. We also release MassSpecGym v1.5, an implementation of our recommendations in the MassSpecGym benchmarking suite which addresses the failure modes identified in this audit. MassSpecGym v1.5 is publicly available at https://github.com/pluskal-lab/MassSpecGym.

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17.

arXiv (CS.CV) 2026-06-25 DOI: arXiv:2606.24984

Learning Diachronic Representations of Ancient Greek Letterforms

作者:

Learning representations that remain robust across centuries of variation in handwriting is a key challenge in diachronic representation learning. Taking one of the longest continuously used writing systems, ancient Greek, as a case study, we introduce three datasets for diachronic representation learning: Hell-Char, a curated training set spanning the 3rd-1st centuries BCE, and two evaluation sets, PaLit-Char (2nd-5th c. CE) and Med-Char (9th-14th c. CE). To address the challenges of symbolic variation, scarce data, and systematic degradation, we propose: a similarity-weighted supervised contrastive loss that biases embeddings using dynamically estimated inter-class similarities, and a lacuna-driven augmentation scheme that simulates realistic manuscript corruptions. Trained with these strategies, both a lightweight CNN and a pretrained ResNet achieve strong recognition performance and produce embeddings that more coherently separate character classes than PCA or generic pretrained models. These embeddings enable clustering, identification of stylistic subgroups, and construction of prototype images that visualize diachronic evolution and transitional letterforms. Our results demonstrate that respecting intrinsic inter-letter relationships and augmenting with domain-informed corruptions yield robust, interpretable representations, offering a transferable paradigm for representation learning under scarce, temporally evolving, and noisy conditions. Code and data available at: https://github.com/ipavlopoulos/diachronic-greek-letterforms.

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18.

arXiv (math.PR) 2026-06-17 DOI: arXiv:2606.07482

Moments in Rough Bergomi and Boundary Attainment in Rough Heston

作者:

Arthur Bourdon ↗Thibault Jeannin ↗

arXiv:2606.07482v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We address two open questions in the rough volatility literature. First, we prove finite positive moments for the rough Bergomi price process, and for a wider class of Gaussian Volterra Bergomi models, in the whole subcritical range under negative correlation. More precisely, if $\rho\in[-1,0)$, then \(\E[S_T^p]

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19.

medRxiv (Medicine) 2026-06-18 DOI: HASH:b3171276eaf09fd8c7f231dfb47063d0

Factor Analysing Predictive Processing: No Evidence for a General Factor Across Tasks

作者:

Miller-Silva ↗Knolle ↗Greve ↗de Beer ↗Mujirishvili ↗MacGregor ↗L. J ↗Corlett ↗P. R ↗Haarsma ↗Powers ↗A. R ↗…

Background & Hypothesis: Dysfunctional predictive processing (PP), specifically the aberrant weighting of priors, is a frequently-proposed mechanism for psychosis and psychosis-like phenomena (schizotypy). Evidence for this theory mostly originates from single-task studies, which assume that all tasks load onto a single latent construct of PP performance, but the underlying factor structure of PP tasks is unknown. PP deficits in psychosis may be better described by a two-factor, hierarchical model: weakened lower-level (perceptual) priors compensated by higher-level (cognitive) priors. Study Design: This study implements a multi-paradigm approach in healthy participants to investigate latent constructs underlying PP and their relationship to schizotypy. Participants (N = 73) completed 6 tasks measuring reliance on priors across language, memory, visual, and auditory domains. A factor analysis investigated whether performance across tasks is captured by a single or two-factor model. Study Results: Although a two-factor model best described performance, factors reflected within-task correlations rather than a PP hierarchy. Cross-task PP measures were poorly correlated, suggesting that individuals' weighting of priors was task-specific. A full model including all task outcomes (not factors) significantly predicted the severity of schizotypal aberrant beliefs but no other schizotypal measures. Conclusions: These results do not evidence a single factor underpinning PP performance. It is therefore inappropriate to use results from single tasks to propose a generalised PP deficit in psychosis. Variation was also not captured by a two-factor hierarchical model of priors. Further multi-paradigm research is required to evaluate alternative models or additional variables that describe aberrant PP in psychosis.

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20.

arXiv (quant-ph) 2026-06-19 DOI: arXiv:2606.20396

Faking entanglement with imperceptible measurement deviations

作者:

Jaime Moreno ↗Elna Svegborn ↗Simon Morelli ↗Markus Hiekkam\"aaki ↗Lea Kopf ↗Robert Fickler ↗Armin Tavakoli ↗

arXiv:2606.20396v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantum entanglement is a central resource underpinning emerging quantum technologies, enabling capabilities beyond those of classical systems. Accurate verification of entanglement is therefore crucial. However, experimental schemes usually rely on the assumption that quantum measurements can be realized exactly. As the complexity of a quantum system grows, this assumption typically becomes increasingly unrealistic, therefore leading to a widening mismatch between theoretical models and experimental implementations. Here we demonstrate that arbitrarily small measurement errors, when adversarially encoded in the measurement apparatus, can lead to the false certification of high-dimensional entanglement in systems that are, in fact, separable. This is achieved by introducing explicit hacking attacks to measurement devices in well-established entanglement verification tests. We further experimentally demonstrate this effect using classical photonic states encoded in the spatial degree of freedom, spanning up to 61 dimensions with measurement fidelity errors as low as 0.23%. Our results uncover a fundamental vulnerability in current methods for high-dimensional entanglement detection, highlighting the susceptibility of complex quantum devices to small adversarial perturbations. The findings underscore the need for developing secure verification of quantum information that is robust to bounded discrepancies between theory and experiment.

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21.

bioRxiv (Bioinfo) 2026-06-15 DOI: HASH:100a62bd6a35180eff9fec4c4733118d

Maternal BMI and Placental Transcriptomic Changes: A Meta-Analysis of Gene Expression at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

作者:

Tangri ↗Regnault ↗T. R. H ↗Shooshtari ↗

Objective: Maternal body mass index (BMI) is often used as a measure of metabolic status and increased or decreased maternal BMI is associated with a heightened risk of cardiometabolic diseases across generations. The placenta mediates these maternal metabolic cues; however, its genome wide transcriptional adaptations in response to maternal BMI remain incompletely defined. Methods: To delineate placental genes, pathways, and interaction clusters whose transcript abundance varies with maternal prepregnancy BMI through a genome wide meta analysis of human placental RNA sequencing datasets. Placental RNA seq reads from four publicly available cohorts (n=146) were mapped to the GRCh38 reference genome and differentially expressed genes were identified. An independent microarray cohort (n=19) was reanalysed separately to facilitate cross platform comparison. Functional enrichment employed GO, KEGG, and STRING protein interaction resources. Results: Meta-analysis of 146 RNA seq samples identified eight genes with genome-wide significance in placentae from underweight pregnancies including inflammatory signaling gene MAP4K1 and metabolic enzyme PSPH, while overweight and obese categories revealed nominally significant differential expression. KEGG analysis demonstrated significant downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation with increasing maternal BMI, and protein-protein interaction networks revealed inflammatory mediators as central nodes in overweight and obese groups. Independent microarray validation corroborated key findings, including consistent downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation in obesity. Conclusion: Maternal BMI is associated with placental transcriptomic signatures involving inflammatory, metabolic, and hormonal pathways, with consistent downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation across platforms. This genome-wide meta-analysis provides a reproducible catalogue of BMI-responsive placental transcripts that may contribute to developmental programming of offspring health.

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22.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2602.05965

Learning to Share: Selective Memory for Efficient Parallel Agentic Systems

作者:

Joseph Fioresi ↗Parth Parag Kulkarni ↗Ashmal Vayani ↗Song Wang ↗Mubarak Shah ↗

arXiv:2602.05965v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Agentic systems solve complex tasks by coordinating multiple agents that iteratively reason, invoke tools, and exchange intermediate results. To improve robustness and solution quality, recent approaches deploy multiple agent teams running in parallel to explore diverse reasoning trajectories. However, parallel execution comes at a significant computational cost: when different teams independently reason about similar sub-problems or execute analogous steps, they repeatedly perform substantial overlapping computation. To address these limitations, in this paper, we propose Learning to Share (LTS), a learned shared-memory mechanism for parallel agentic frameworks that enables selective cross-team information reuse while controlling context growth. LTS introduces a global memory bank accessible to all teams and a lightweight controller that decides whether intermediate agent steps should be added to memory or not. The controller is trained using stepwise reinforcement learning with usage-aware credit assignment, allowing it to identify information that is globally useful across parallel executions. Experiments on the AssistantBench and GAIA benchmarks show that LTS significantly reduces overall runtime while matching or improving task performance compared to memory-free parallel baselines, demonstrating that learned memory admission is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of parallel agentic systems. Project page: https://joefioresi718.github.io/LTS_webpage/

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23.

arXiv (CS.AI) 2026-06-12 DOI: arXiv:2601.06227

When Smaller Wins: Dual-Stage Distillation and Pareto-Guided Compression of Liquid Neural Networks for Edge Battery Prognostics

作者:

Dhivya Dharshini Kannan ↗Wei Li ↗Wei Zhang ↗Jianbiao Wang ↗Zhi Wei Seh ↗Man-Fai Ng ↗

arXiv:2601.06227v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Battery management systems increasingly require accurate battery health prognostics under strict on-device constraints. This paper presents DLNet, a practical framework with dual-stage distillation of liquid neural networks that turns a high-capacity model into compact and edge-deployable models for battery health prediction. DLNet first applies Euler discretization to reformulate liquid dynamics for embedded compatibility. It then performs dual-stage knowledge distillation to transfer the teacher model's temporal behavior and recover it after further compression. Pareto-guided selection under joint error-cost objectives retains student models that balance accuracy and efficiency. We evaluate DLNet on a widely used dataset and validate real-device feasibility on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense using int8 deployment. The final deployed student achieves a low error of 0.0066 when predicting battery health over the next 100 cycles, which is 15.4% lower than the teacher model. It reduces the model size from 616 kB to 94 kB with 84.7% reduction and takes 21 ms per inference on the device. These results support a practical smaller wins observation that a small model can match or exceed a large teacher for edge-based prognostics with proper supervision and selection. Beyond batteries, the DLNet framework can extend to other industrial analytics tasks with strict hardware constraints.

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24.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-25 DOI: arXiv:2508.07952

Shapley-Inspired Feature Weighting in $k$-means with No Additional Hyperparameters

作者:

Richard J. Fawley ↗Renato Cordeiro de Amorim ↗

arXiv:2508.07952v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Clustering algorithms often assume all features contribute equally to the data structure, an assumption that usually fails in high-dimensional or noisy settings. Feature weighting methods can address this, but most require additional parameter tuning. We propose SHARK (Shapley Reweighted $k$-means), a feature-weighted clustering algorithm motivated by the use of Shapley values from cooperative game theory to quantify feature relevance, which requires no additional parameters beyond those in $k$-means. We prove that the $k$-means objective can be decomposed into a sum of per-feature Shapley values, providing an axiomatic foundation for unsupervised feature relevance and reducing Shapley computation from exponential to polynomial time. SHARK iteratively re-weights features by the inverse of their Shapley contribution, emphasising informative dimensions and down-weighting irrelevant ones, and is equivalent to replacing the arithmetic mean of feature dispersions with their harmonic mean. Experiments on synthetic and real-world data sets show that SHARK consistently matches or outperforms existing methods, achieving superior robustness and accuracy, particularly in scenarios where noise may be present. Software: https://github.com/rickfawley/SHARK.

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25.

arXiv (CS.LG) 2026-06-16 DOI: arXiv:2606.16950

Latent space mapping of interpretable structural coordinates from stochastic single-molecule signals

作者:

Matteo Cartiglia ↗Sandro Kuppel ↗Wouter Botermans Wannes Peeters ↗Natan Biesmans ↗Liam Vandekerckhove ↗Eric Beamish ↗Koen Ongena ↗Wouter Renckens ↗Pol Van Dorpe ↗Sanjin Marion ↗

arXiv:2606.16950v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Nanopores are versatile single-molecular sensors, but their utility is fundamentally constrained by stochastic translocation dynamics warping any encoded information. We resolve it by shifting from time-domain analysis to a learned latent-space mapping via a contrastive encoder trained exclusively on simulated signals from a physics-informed model. This encoder maps solid-state nanopore signals of engineered DNA barcodes into an interpretable molecular coordinate system. The learned representation is responsive to structural barcode parameters while remaining invariant to acquisition conditions and translocation conformation, allowing data pooling across devices. Molecule identification requires a single pass through the encoder, reducing computational cost by three orders of magnitude relative to alignment-based methods. We experimentally validate through mixture quantification, rare-variant detection, consensus barcode reconstruction, and real-time signal acquisition. This shift from temporal analysis to mapping structural coordinates into a latent space changes the paradigm behind analyzing stochastic sensor signals by linking classification to interpretable encoded molecular information.

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